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EPISODE 6
Concept line 5:  Environmental problems associated with burning of fossil fuels

Core concept

  • 燃燒 fossil fuels (化石燃料)產生 air pollutants (空氣污染物) 的兩大來源

① power stations & factories

② vehicles

  • 這兩大污染來源製造的空氣污染物 unburnt CxHy, carbon particulates, CO, SO2, Nox 及這些化學物質對人類、環境的影響, 見下表 :

pollution from fossil fuels

  • cause & effect of acid rain  (輔以 chemical equations 顯示 SO2, Nox  溶解於雨水形成強酸作解釋 )

  • cause & effect of global warming 

pollution source and effects

Exam-type Qs

  • chemical equations related to the formation of pollutants from burning of fossil fuels

  • different measures (措施) to reduce these air pollutants:

  1. catalytic converters in car ( why Pt/Pd/Rd plated in honey-comb shape? Related equations to convert toxic CO & NOx into harmless N2 & CO2 )

  2. unleaded petrol

  3. replace diesel to LPG for taxi & minibus

  4. use low-sulphur diesel in factories

  5. scrubber with chemical equations

  6. electrostatic precipitator

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DSE 考試趨勢: 2019 – 2023 Paper 1 Part 1B 都會有 1題涉及 Topic 5, 主要問 concept line 2-4 ,  我認為 concept line 2-4 是 Part (II) Chemistry of Carbon Compounds 嘅基礎。Concept line 5 偏重記憶事實,  較會成為Paper 1A M.C. 題目

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上集問題答案係

  1. C=C double bond

  2. Products 都係 carbon dioxide 和 water,  但係相同 carbon  數目分子所需要嘅 no. of moles of oxygen 不同

  3. 因為有 C=C double bond

    

今集問題

  • 承接上面  ,  請以butane 和 butene 為例, 分別寫出這兩者皆進行 combustion reaction,  比較兩者分別需要幾多 no. of moles of oxygen

  • 承接上面ƒ,  歸納 Alkanes 和 alkenes  因為不同嘅 functional group,  導致主要進行嘅 reaction 類別有甚麼不同

  

 

下次分享：Topic II - Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

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