First hydrocabon | Tiny Seed

運用 Chemistry language for hydrocarbons, 喺第一個organic compound family --- alkanes

(Part II 有另外8個 families )

Core concep

1. alkanes 嘅 functional group

2. 畫 alkanes homologous series 頭10個 compounds 的structural formula 和名稱

3. 認識 alkanes 嘅 physical properties 包括：

(i) m.p. & b.p.

(ii) solubility

(iii) density

4. 了解 alkanes 有咩 chemical reactions：

(i) combustion

(ii) substitution with Cl2/Br2

(iii) cracking

Exam-type Qs

Draw structural formula of 1 – 10 C-atom members of alkanes including straight-chain and branched-chain and state their IUPAC names

* 1. characteristics of chain reaction of substitution with Cl2/Br2 ( how to write organic equation with free radicals )

*2. cracking experiment from larger alkanes to make smaller alkanes and alkenes

(i) special catalyst used

(ii) draw set-up

(iii) why only catalyst is heated instead of the liquid paraffin

(iv) what and how products are collected

(v) how to test the products have alkenes

(vi) how to prevent sucking back after the reaction

(vii) importance of cracking – uses of smaller alkanes & alkenes

* 典型測考題目

有用網址:

1. Cracking experiment:

Royal Society of Chemistry. “Cracking a hydrocarbon” Youtube.com Youtube.

2. Halogenation of alkanes (how free radicals formed)

Ismael, C Baucont. “Halogenation of Alkanes: Chlorination of Methane” Youtube.com. Youtube.

今集問題

① Alkanes functional group 是甚麼?

② 解釋點解 alkane 分子愈大, m.p. & b.p. 愈高?

③ Alkanes 主要進行哪一類化學反應 chemical reaction?

下次分享：Concept line 4. 2nd hydrocarbon family formed from cracking of alkanes - alkenes